Alzheimer's disease and Dementia

Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

Bipolar Disorder: Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a mood disorder characterized by extreme mood swings. Individuals with bipolar disorder experience periods of intense emotional states, including manic episodes of elevated mood, energy, and impulsivity, as well as depressive episodes marked by low mood, loss of interest, and feelings of hopelessness. There are several types of bipolar disorder, including bipolar I, bipolar II, and cyclothymic disorder. Genetic factors, brain chemistry imbalances, and environmental factors can contribute to its development. Medications, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments are used to manage symptoms and stabilize mood.

Schizophrenia: Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that affects thinking, emotions, and behavior. It often involves disruptions in perception, thoughts, and social interactions. People with schizophrenia may experience hallucinations (false sensory perceptions) and delusions (false beliefs), along with disorganized thinking and speech. Social withdrawal, emotional flatness, and impaired cognitive function are common. Genetic predisposition, neurochemical imbalances, and environmental factors play roles in its onset. Treatment typically includes antipsychotic medications, therapy, and psychosocial support.